Bipolar disorder refers to a set of mood disorders that result in certain instances of hyperactive or elevated mood levels which can be categorized as abnormal or manic. The individual undergoes a swing of mood symptoms that change from elevated to depressed.
There does seem to be some kind of a correlation between creativity and this disorder although it has not been clearly established. It could be because the individual strives for recognition and seeks to achieve something for posterity. Many creative geniuses in the field of art have been diagnosed with this disorder.
Causes of Bipolar Disorder
Genetic Causes is believed to be the most important factor behind the occurrence of this disease. Studies have shown that this disorder runs in the family. Statistically it has been shown that at least one close relative of the patient suffers from this disorder. Environmental factors and Psychological factors are major causes behind this disease.
Societal pressures at times are believed to be responsible for this disease.
Neurobiological factors too are believed to cause this disease.
Bipolar Disorder Symptoms
The symptoms for this disorder can be seen during early teens. Suicidal tendencies are observed. Among the most common symptoms of this disease are feeling of anxiety, sadness which is followed by sporadic outbursts of happiness. Poor apatite, insomnia and extreme irritability are other factors which are associated with this disease. Inability to focus of a said task is another major symptom which is associated with this malaise.
Usually when these symptoms are observed over a week, then there is a need to hospitalize the patient. Manic tendencies are also associated with this disorder. There are distinct periods of elevated mood state which could be rather expansive. This could alternate with irritable mood state.
There is a tendency to be hyperactive. It is usually accompanied by lack of sleep or insomnia. Very often the patient in unable to judge a situation and react normally. Alcohol or other stimulants are indulged on during this phase. A patient may also choose to take in sleeping pills. They actually break with reality. They may experience an enhanced sex drive. They may begin to feel grandiose and at times euphoric.
Bipolar Disorder Treatment
A physical examination of the physician and a very detailed study of the history of the patient is done. Relatives, friends and co-workers are interviewed to assess the condition.
Other tests include assessing the TSH levels through blood test to make sure that it is not a case of hypothyrodism. Apart from that the metabolic disturbances are ruled out by serum calcium and base electrolyte tests. Other chronic disease symptoms are ruled out by testing ESR through blood tests. Serology tests are conducted to exclude the possibility of STD like syphilis. Epilepsy is ruled by carrying out EEG tests.
Sometime lesions in the brain also can show similar symptoms – this is ruled out by taking a CT scan of the brain. The symptoms of certain other psychiatric illnesses like borderline personality disorder, schizophrenia also have the same set of symptoms. These also have to be ruled out while deciding on a treatment course for a person afflicted with this disorder.
DSM-IV-TR is the most widely used criteria to diagnose this disorder.
Medicines or drugs are administered for mood stabilization. An anticonvulsant sodium valproate is the most widely used prescribed drug. Others include lithium, carbamazepine and also lamotrigine. This condition is severely disabling and what is of immense importance is correct prognosis. This could help in prescribing the correct medication and right dose. The doctors should also build up the confidence level of the patient and should establish a good working relationship with the patient. Also it should be remembered that not taking the prescribed medication or lowering the dose can result in a relapse.
Advice
While a complete cure is yet to be found out for such episodes, the best way to manage this disorder is effective management. A combination of psychotherapeutic techniques and pharmacological techniques can help in preventing the acuteness of more episodes. Hospitalization is absolutely essential when the episodes reach a manic level for the preservation of the patient and his relatives/co-workers.
